توسعه اجتماعی

توسعه اجتماعی

مطالعه کیفی چالش‌های فرهنگی توسعه شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان و واحدهای فناور در استان خوزستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجو دکتری بررسی مسائل اجتماعی ایران، گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
2 استاد گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
3 استادیار گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
چکیده
موفقیت اقتصادی برخی کشورها در دهه‌های اخیر، نشان می‌دهد که فرهنگ نقشی تعیین‌کننده در پیشرفت اقتصادی دارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی چالش‌های فرهنگی توسعه شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان در استان خوزستان صورت گرفت. بر اساس موضوع، روش تحقیق کیفی و رویکرد داده‌بنیاد، انتخاب شد. مشارکت‌کنندگان تحقیق، نخبگان استان شامل استادان دانشگاه و مدیران شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان و واحدهای فناور 44 نفر انتخاب شدند. نمونه‌گیری تحقیق، نمونه‌گیری نظری و روش جمع‌آوری داده‌ها مصاحبه عمیق بود. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از کدگذاری نظری صورت گرفت. یافته‌ها نشان داد: تصور خیر محدود در ساختارهای اجتماعی فرهنگی؛ ترجیح شغل دولتی بر حرفه کارآفرینانه و سنت‌گرایی شغلی، فرهنگ تقدیرگرایی و چرخه رکود اقتصادی؛ محافظه‌کاری فرهنگی و رکود نوآوری، جامعه کم بردبار و تضعیف کارآفرینی؛ نرخ ترجیح زمانی بالای جامعه، ضعف در مهارت‌های ارتباطی و همکاری؛ ضعف فرهنگ کارآفرینی، پرورش‌ نیافتن کنشگران توسعه در نظام آموزش‌ و پرورش، کمرویی نهادینه شده در فرهنگ، فقدان منش سرمایه‌دارانه در خوزستان، صنعتی‌شدن بر مبنای نفت و تحول تدریجی فرهنگ کار، از موانع نهادی و فرهنگی هستند که زیست‌بوم نوآوری استان را با چالش مواجه کرده‌اند. تحلیل نظری پژوهش با نظریه‌های بوردیو، وبر، مک‌کله‌لند و پولانی، نقش عادت‌واره‌ها، سرمایه‌های فرهنگی و اجتماعی و ساختارهای حک شده در اقتصاد محلی را در بازتولید این موانع برجسته می‌سازد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

A Qualitative Study of the Cultural Challenges in Developing Knowledge-Based Companies and Technology Units in Khuzestan Province

نویسندگان English

Mehran Bondori 1
Alihosein Hosseinzadeh 2
Karim Rezadoost 2
Sajjad Bahmani 3
Ali Arabi 3
1 PhD Student in the Study of Social Issues in Iran, Department of Sociology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Sociology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده English

The economic success of some countries in recent decades shows that culture plays a decisive role in economic development. The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the cultural challenges of developing knowledge-based companies in Khuzestan Province. Based on the subject, a qualitative research method and a grounded theory approach were selected. The research participants consisted of 44 provincial elites, including university professors and managers of knowledge-based companies and technology units. The sampling method was theoretical sampling, and data were collected through in-depth interviews. Data analysis was performed using theoretical coding. The findings indicated the following institutional and cultural barriers that challenge the province’s innovation ecosystem: a limited notion of public good in socio-cultural structures; preference for government employment over entrepreneurial professions and occupational traditionalism; a culture of fatalism and cycles of economic stagnation; cultural conservatism and stagnation of innovation; a low-tolerance society and weakened entrepreneurship; high time-preference rates in society; weak communication and cooperation skills; weak entrepreneurial culture; the educational system’s failure to cultivate development actors; ingrained shyness within the culture; the absence of a capitalist ethos in Khuzestan; oil-based industrialization and the gradual transformation of work culture. The theoretical analysis, drawing on the ideas of Bourdieu, Weber, McClelland, and Polanyi, highlights the role of habitus, cultural and social capital, and embedded local economic structures in reproducing these barriers.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Cultural Challenges
Knowledge-Based Companies
Work Culture
Qualitative Research
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