The present study aimed to analyze the moderating role of social media on the relationship between social crises and social capital of Ahvaz oil industry employees and to investigate significant differences in social capital based on individual (demographic) variables. This research is applied-exploratory in terms of its mixed approach (quantitative-qualitative) and purpose.In the qualitative phase, the grounded theory method was used to extract the dimensions of the crisis and the role of the media. The statistical population included employees of the Ahvaz oil industry, of whom 380 were studied in the quantitative phase using a simple random sampling method and a researcher-made questionnaire.Quantitative data were analyzed using independent t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that social crises (including economic and environmental factors) significantly negatively affect employees' social capital, and the overall level of social capital in this organization is low to moderate.More importantly, the statistical results confirmed that social media acts as a moderating and influential factor, with its dual role in managing culture or intensifying rumors and distrust being decisive.Also, comparative findings showed that the level of social capital among employees differs significantly based on all individual variables (gender, age, education, employment method, and service history), which confirms the heterogeneous vulnerability of different groups.Social factors and endemic crises (Ahvaz) are a destructive force for organizational social capital. To protect strategic workforces, organizations should target their support policies based on meaningful differences among employee groups (especially in hiring practices).