خوانشی بوردیویی از جامعه‌شناسی دین با تأکید بر سه‌گانه: میدان، سرمایه و عادت‌واره دینی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

2 دانشیار مؤسسه‌ی پژوهش و برنامه‎ریزی آموزش عالی تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار انسا‌‌ن‌شناسی فرهنگی، پژوهشکده‌ی مطالعات فرهنگی و اجتماعی وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری تهران، ایران

چکیده

دین، از قدیمی‌ترین نهادهای بشری است که موضوع مطالعه‌ی بسیاری از اندیشمندان بوده است. سیّالیّت مفهوم دین به تکثّر تعاریف و مفاهیم آن منجر شده است. اجتماعی بودن نهاد دین، آن را در کانون توجه جامعه‌شناسان قرار داده و بوردیو از جمله جامعه‌شناسانی است که با جعل مفاهیمی چون میدان، عادت‌واره و سرمایه، به بررسی نحوه‌ی تکوین و تحولات آن پرداخته است. بوردیو مباحث جامعه‌شناسی دین را به صورت پراکنده در مقالات و کتاب‌های خود قید نموده است، بر این اساس در این مقاله تلاش شده تا با بهره‌گیری از روش اسنادی، آراء و اندیشه‌های او در خصوص تحلیل جامعه‌شناختی دین به صورت منسجم و دسته‌بندی شده ارائه گردد. از نظر بوردیو، مناسبات و قواعد بازار بر میدان دین حاکم‌اند. در این میدان، شاهد نقش‌هایی چون تولیدکننده، عرضه‌کننده، مصرف‌کننده و کالای رستگاری هستیم. کنش‌گران در میدان دین بر سر تصاحب سرمایه‌ی دینی به منازعه می‌پردازند و بر اساس میزان تصاحب این سرمایه، موقعیت خود را در میدان دین ارتقاء می‌بخشند. میزان انحصار کالای دینی سبب پدید آمدن نظام پایگانی مرکب از متخصصان و عوام در میدان دین می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Bourdieuian Reading of Sociology of Religion with Emphasis on Triple Concepts: Religious Field, Capital and Habitus

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behrouz Sepidnameh 1
  • Maghsoud Farasatkhah 2
  • Jabbar Rahmani 3
1 Assistant Professor of Department of Social Sciences of Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
2 Associate Professor of Institute for Research and Planning in Higher Education, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Cultural Anthropology, Institute for Social and Cultural Studies, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Religion is one of the oldest institutions of human beings that have the subject of study by various thinkers. The indeterminate nature of this concept (religion) has led to the plurality of its definitions and conceptualizations. The social aspect of the institution of religion has brought it the fore of sociologists' attention and Bourdieu is one of the sociologists who examined the evolution and development of religion through invention of concepts such as field, habitus, and capital. Bourdieu scatteredly has spoken about the sociology of religion in his articles and books. Accordingly, in this paper, it is attempted to present his ideas and notions on the sociological analysis of religion in a coherent and categorized way via documentary method. According to Bourdieu, market relations and rules dominate the field of religion. In this field, we see the roles of producer, supplier, consumer and salvation good. The actors in the field of religion struggle over obtaining religious capital and promote their status in the field of religion based on the amount of capital earned. The monopoly over the goods of salvation leads to the formation of a hierarchy system in the field of religion.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Field of Religion
  • Religious Habitus
  • Religious Capital
  • Bourdieu
  • Symbolic Violence

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توسعه اجتماعی
دوره 14، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 53
دوره 14، شماره 1، پاییز 1398
آذر 1398
صفحه 208-175

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