Analysis of Inequality in Modern Iran Based on the Weberian TraditionAbstract

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In this paper, the aim is to analyze the mechanism of inequality production in modern Iran in the context of the views of the Weberian tradition analysts with emphasis on the role of power. The research method is historical-analytical and data is collected from second-hand sources. Weber's view on the analysis of inequality is based on power and prestige. Some Weberian and Neo Weberian theorists state on different forms of inequality, such as the unequal distribution of vital opportunities, social obstruction, and the unequal distribution of prestige, and emphasis the unequal distribution of power as the main cause of these inequalities. This analysis showed the forms of inequality in modern Iran and which factors play a role in the production and reproduction of inequalities in this period. The role of the government as the main mechanism for exercising power and the weight of power of privileged groups in the political, social and economic body of Iranian society in the production and reproduction of these inequalities were also explained. The privileged groups are the hidden layers of power at the heart of the modern state structure that have created social closure and prevented the distribution of life opportunities among different sections of society. These results can provide a basis for understanding the intensification of inequality in the present moment.

Keywords

References

Abdellahian, H. (2012). “Conceptualization of reality in historical sociology: Absent serf system in Iran”, Translated by Gholam Raza Jamshidiha & Ali Reza Sadeghi, Jameshenasan Publications. (Persian).
Akbari, M. Vaez, N. (2010). “A study of the nature of the first Pahlavi state”, Iran History, 63 (5): 1-26. (Persian).
Alam, A. A. (1993). “Alam notes”, Edited and Introduction by Alinaghi Alikhani, Vol. One, 2th Edition, Tehran: Ketabsara. (Persian).
Ashraf, A. Beno Azizi, A. (2009). Social classes, state and revolution in Iran (A collection of essays), translated by Soheila Torabi Farsani, Tehran: Nilofar publications. (Persian).
Barbalet, J. M. (1982). “Social closure in class analysis: A critique of Parkin”, 16 (4): 484-497.
Bashirieh, H. (1997). Political Sociology, Tehran: Ney Publishing. (Persian).
Benedix, R. (2003). Max Weber's intellectual image, translated by Mahmoud Rambod, Tehran: Hermes Publications. (Persian).
Breen, R. (2005). Foundation of a neo-Weberian class analysis, Chapter 2 from Approaches to Class Analysis, Edited by Erick Olin Wright, Cambridge Press.
Broujerdi, M. (1999). Iranian intellectuals and the west, Translated by Jamshid Shirazi, Tehran: Farzanrooz Publication. (persian).
Etzrodt, C. (2014). “Max Weber’s Methodology: The Method of Falsification Applied to Text Interpretations”, Open Journal of Philosophy, 4: 345-359.
Foran, J. (1998). Fragile Resistance: Social Transformation in Iran from 1500 to the Revolution, Translated by Ahmad Tadayyon, Tehran: Rasa Cultural Services Institute. (Persian).
Garbb, E. G. (2001). Social Inequality: Perspectives of Classical and Contemporary Theorists, translated by Mohammad Siahpoosh and Ahmad Reza Gharavizadeh, Tehran: Moaser Publishing. (Persian).
Goodarzi, Gh. (2008). The Unfinished Modernity of Iranian Intellectuals, 2th Edition, Tehran: Akhtaran Pubcation. (Persian).
Hoagland, E.J, (2013). Earth and revolution in Iran (1961-1981), Translated by Firoozeh Mohajer, Tehran: Pardis Danesh Publishing. (Persian).
Jalaeipour, H. R. (2013). Sociology of Iran: Malformed modern society, Tehran: Elm Publication. (Persian)
Kamali, A. (2011). Introduction to the Sociology of Social Inequalities, Tehran: SAMT Publications. (Persian).
Katuzian, M. (1993). “Democracy, dictatorship and the responsibility of the nation”, Political-Economic Information, 67-68: 4-7.
Lahsaeizadeh, A. (1993). Sociology of Agriculture, Tehran: Information Publications. (Persian).
Lenski, G. Lenski, J. (1991). The course of human societies (Human societies: an introduction to macrosociology), translated by Nasser Movafaghian. Tehran: Islamic Revolution Publishing and Education Organization. (Persian).
Mills, C. W. (2004). Power Elites. Translated by the Institute of Western Studies, Tehran: Farhang Maktoob Publications. (Persian).
Nasr, V. (2000). “Politics within the late Pahlavi state: The ministry of economy and industrial policy (1963–1969)”, Int. J. Middle East Stud, 32: 97-122.
North, D. C. (1981). Structure and change in Economic History, Cambridge: University Press.
Parkin, F. (2010). Max Weber, translated by Shahnaz Mosamaparast, Tehran: Ghoghnoos Publishing. (Persian).
Scott, J. C. (1990). Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts, London: Yale University Press.
Seidman, S. (2007). Contested knowledge: Social theory today, translated by Hadi Jalili, Tehran: Ney Publishing. (Persian).
Skocpol, Th. (2009). Vision and method in historical sociology, Translated by Sayyed Hashem Agha Jari, Tehran: Markaz publications. (Persian).
Spozito, J. Kamrava, M. waterbory, J. (2010). Civil society and Democracy in the Middle East, translated by Mohammad Taghi Delforouz, Tehran: Farhangejavid. (Persian).
Swedberg, R. (2012). Principles of economic sociology, Translated by Ali Asghar Saeidi, Tehran: Lohefekr. (Persian)
Tawfiq, E. (2006). “Modernism and Pseudo-Patrimonialism: An Analysis of Government in the Pahlavi Era”, Journal of Iran Sociology, 1 (7): 125-193. (Persian).
Weber, M. (1964). The theory of social and economic organization, New York: The Free Press.
 
Weber, M. (1968). Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretative Sociology, Vol. 1, New York: Bedminster Press.
Weber, M. (2003). Methodology of Social Sciences, translated by Hassan Chavoshian, Tehran: Markaz Publishing. (Persian).
Weber, M. (2005). Economics and Society. Translated by Abbas Manouchehri, Mehrdad Torabinejad & Mostafa Emadzadeh, Tehran: SAMT Publications. (Persian).
Weber, M. (2011). Basic concepts of sociology, Translated by Ahmad Sedarati, Tehran: Markaz Publishing. (Persian).
Zahedi, M.J. (2007). Development and Inequality, Tehran: Maziar Publications. (Persian).
Zokaei, S. Solati, M. (2018). “Peripheral Iran and the evolution of government-nation relations in The first Pahlavi era”, Journal of Social Sciences, Y. 27, N. 82: 71-97. (Persian).
 
Quarterly Journal of Social Development (Previously Human Development)
Volume 17, Issue 2 - Serial Number 66
Vol. 17, No. 2, Winter 2022
February 2023
Pages 79-114

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics