شناسایی عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر تقلبات بیمه ‌شخص‌ثالث با رویکرد آمیخته (مورد مطالعه: نمایندگان شرکت‌های بیمه در شهر تهران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جامعه‌شناسی اقتصادی و توسعه، واحد دهاقان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دهاقان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه جامعه‌شناسی، واحد دهاقان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دهاقان، ایران

3 استادیار گروه جامعه‌شناسی، واحد دهاقان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دهاقان، ایران

چکیده

تقلبات بیمه‌ای از مهمترین دغدغه‌های زیانبار برای بیمه‌گران و بیمه‌گزاران در کلیه محصولات بیمه‌ای است. از مهمترین عوامل مؤثر بر تقلبات بیمه‌ای در این پژوهش دینداری، فردگرایی،‌ رفاه اجتماعی و اعتماد است. تقلبات باعث بی‌اعتمادی و از هم‌گسیختگی نظام اجتماعی و اقتصادی می‌شود. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر تقلبات بیمه شخص‌ ثالث است. این پژوهش مبتنی بر روش آمیخته با بهره‌گیری از رویکرد اکتشافی انجام شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش در بخش کیفی، شامل کلیه خبرگان حوزه بیمه و جامعه‌شناسی اقتصادی که با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و گلوله‌برفی تعداد 26 نفر متخصص تا حد اشباع انجام شد، بخش کمی جامعه آماری شامل 4,652,510 بیمه‌گزار بیمه شخص ثالث در سال ۱۴۰۰ در شهر تهران می‌باشد که با روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای تعداد 384 نفر به‌عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب شدند. روایی پرسشنامه به روش صوری و محتوایی و پایایی آن با استفاده از روش آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌های کیفی با استفاده از روش تحلیل مضمون و داده‌های بخش کمی با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی تأییدی از طریق نرم‌افزار Amos 21 صورت گرفته است. در بین عوامل اجتماعی، رفاه اجتماعی، اعتماد، دینداری و فردگرایی به ترتیب ۵۶/۰-، ۵۲/۰-،۴۳/۰- و ۳۶/۰ بطور مستقیم و دینداری با بار عاملی (447/0-) بطور غیر مستقیم از مدل اندازه‌گیری حمایت کرده‌اند. طبق یافته‌های بخش کیفی پژوهش، در مجموع 57 مضمون پایه، 19 مضمون سازمان‌دهنده و 4 مضمون فراگیر (رفاه اجتماعی، اعتماد، دینداری و فردگرایی) شناسایی شده است که می‌تواند بر تقلبات بیمه شخص ثالث مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying Social Factors Affecting Third Party Insurance Frauds with a Mixed Approach (Case Study: Representatives of Insurance Companies in Tehran )

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behrooz Mirzaei 1
  • asghar mohammadi 2
  • Mehrdad Nawabakhsh, 3
1 PhD student of Economic Sociology and Development, Dehaghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dehaghan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Dehaghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dehaghan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Dehaghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dehaghan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Insurance frauds are one of the most harmful concerns of insurers and policyholders in all insurance products. One of the most important factors affecting insurance fraud in this research is religiosity, individualism, social welfare and trust .Frauds cause mistrust and disintegration of the social and economic system.The purpose of this research is to investigate social factors affecting third party insurance frauds. This research is based on a mixed approach applying a exploratory approach.In the qualitative part,the statistical population included all experts in the field of insurance and economic sociology which reached the saturation limit of 26 experts using the purposeful and Snowball sampling method. In the quantitative part, the statistical population includes 4,652,510 third-party insurance policyholders in Tehran,which 384 individuals were selected as a sample by cluster sampling method.The validity of a questionnaire was confirmed by the face validity method and its content and reliability was confirmed by using Cronbach’s alpha method.The qualitative data analysis was done through thematic analysis method and the quantitative data was done through confirmatory factor analysis method with the aim of Amos 21 computer software. Among the social factors, social welfare, trust, religiosity and individualism are respectively -0.56, -0.52, -0.43 and 0.36 directly and religiosity with factor load (-0.447) indirectly from the model have supported the measurement. According to the findings of the qualitative part of the research, a total of 57 basic themes,19 organizing themes, and 4 overarching themes(social welfare, trust, religiosity and individualism) have been identified that could be effective on third party insurance frauds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fraud
  • Social Welfare
  • Trust
  • Religiosity
  • Individualism
  • Third-Party Insurance
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