بررسی جامعه‌شناختی نقش سبک زندگی در کیفیت زندگی شهروندان 65 سال به بالای شهرستان بندر ماهشهر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جامعه‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه جامعه‌شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایران

3 استادیارگروه مردم‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ‌واحد گرمسار، سمنان، ایران

4 استاد گروه جامعه‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایران

5 استادیار پژوهشکده مطالعات اجتماعی، پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، تهران، ایران

10.22055/qjsd.2021.34362.2353

چکیده

یکی از دغدغه‌های امروز، سبک زندگی کیفیت بخش است. مقاله حاضر به بررسی جامعه‌شناختی نقش سبک زندگی در کیفیت زندگی شهروندان 65 سال به بالای شهرستان بندر ماهشهر می‌پردازد. مقاله با رویکردهای اسکاندیناوی، آمریکایی و رویکرد کیفیت اجتماعی به کیفیت زندگی و نگاه ترکیبی نظریات بوردیو از میدان در نظریه تمایز و تعریف گیدنز از سبک زندگی و ساخت اجتماعی به سبک زندگی، با روش پیمایش انجام شده است. 396 شهروند 65 سال به بالا از طریق فرمول کوکران به‌عنوان نمونه آماری تعیین، به وسیله نمونه‌گیری مطبق و ابزار پرسشنامه محقق ساخته داده‌های آماری آن جمع‌آوری و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS تحلیل شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد کیفیت زندگی عینی، ذهنی و جمعی شهروندان به ترتیب در سطح 69/61، 3/52 و 2/41 درصد از حداکثر درصد میانگین بالقوه این ابعاد کیفیت زندگی بوده است. همچنین سبک زندگی شهروندان بیشتر مصرفی است تا تولیدی و از سوی دیگر اجتماعی است تا اقتصادی و فرهنگی. بر اساس نتایج، به ترتیب سبک زندگی اقتصادی با 485/0 تأثیر کل، سبک زندگی اجتماعی با 375/0 تأثیر کل، سبک زندگی فرهنگی با 280/0 تأثیر کل از یک‌سو و در دسته‌بندی دیگر سبک زندگی تولیدی با 558/0 تأثیر کل و سبک زندگی مصرفی با 450/0 تأثیر کل، بیشترین اثرگذاری را با کیفیت زندگی داشته است. در صورتی که کیفیت زندگی به‌عنوان یک کل هدف‌گذاری شده باشد؛ به ترتیب نیاز به ترکیبی از کنش‌ها و سبک‌های زندگی اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی است که الف) سرمایه‌های سه‌گانه اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی و ب) برداشت، ارزیابی و تصورات ذهنی مقایسه‌ای از سرمایه‌های سه‌گانه که می‌توان بر آن سرمایه ذهنی نام نهاد؛ و در مجموع به ترتیب سرمایه‌های چهارگانه اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی و ذهنی را تشکیل می‌دهند. این کیفیت زندگی را به‌عنوان کیفیت زندگی کنش محور یا تعاملی می‌توان نام نهاد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Sociological Study of the Role of Lifestyle in the Quality of Life of Citizens 65 Years and Older in Bandar Mahshahr

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Ganji 1
  • Reza Ali Mohseni 2
  • Mansour Sharifi 3
  • Ali Reza Kaldi 4
  • Hassan Malek 5
1 PhD student, Department of Sociology, Tehran Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch, Semnan Province, Iran
4 Professor of Sociology Department, Tehran Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University
5 Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Social Studies, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Today, one of the concerns is a Quality Lifestyle. This article examines the Sociological role of Lifestyle in the Quality of Life of Citizens over 65 years of age in Bandar Mahshahr. The paper is based on the Scandinavian-American approaches and the social quality approach to quality of life and the combined view of Bourdieu's theories from the field in the theory of differentiation, and Giddens's definition of lifestyle and social construction to lifestyle, by survey method. The present article has been done by Survey Method among the Statistical Population of Citizens 65 years and older in Bandar Mahshahr city. 396 citizens aged 65 and over have been identified as a Statistical Sample using the Cochran's formula, Statistical Data were collected through Stratified Sampling and Researcher-made Questionnaire tools and finally analyzed using SPSS Statistical Software and Descriptive and Inferential Statistical tests. The results show that the Objective, Subjective and Social Quality of Life of Citizens respectively, was at the level of 61.69, 52.3 and 41.2% of the maximum potential percentage of these dimensions of Quality of Life. Research results show; the Lifestyle of Citizens is more Consumption than Productive and on the other hand is Social rather than Economic and Cultural. According to the results, Economic Lifestyle with 0.485 Total Impact, Social Lifestyle with 0.375 Total Impact, Cultural Lifestyle with 0.280 Total Impact on the one hand and Productive Lifestyle with 0.558 Total Impact and Consumption Lifestyle with 0.450 Total Impact, respectively, had the greatest impact on Quality of Life. If the Quality of Life as a whole is targeted; Respectively, there is a need for a Combination of Economic, Social and Cultural Actions and Lifestyles, which a) Triple Economic, Social and Cultural Capitals and b: comparative perception, evaluation and Subjective Perceptions of the Triple Capitals that can be Called that Subjective Capital; Which together form the four Economic, Social, Cultural and Subjective Capitals, respectively; Produce. This Quality of Life can be called Action-Oriented or Interactive Quality of Life.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lifestyle
  • Social Capital
  • Subjective Capital
  • Cultural Capital
  • Quality of Life

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توسعه اجتماعی
دوره 18، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 70
دوره 18، شماره 2، زمستان 1402
اسفند 1402
صفحه 183-224

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