بررسی جامعه‌شناختی نقش سبک زندگی در کیفیت زندگی شهروندان 65 سال به بالای شهرستان بندر ماهشهر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جامعه‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه جامعه‌شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه جمعیت‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ‌واحد گرمسار، سمنان، ایران

4 استاد گروه جامعه‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایران

5 استادیار پژوهشکده مطالعات اجتماعی، پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

یکی از دغدغه‌های امروز، سبک زندگی کیفیت بخش است. مقاله حاضر به بررسی جامعه‌شناختی نقش سبک زندگی در کیفیت زندگی شهروندان 65 سال به بالای شهرستان بندر ماهشهر می‌پردازد. مقاله با رویکردهای اسکاندیناوی، آمریکایی و رویکرد کیفیت اجتماعی به کیفیت زندگی و نگاه ترکیبی نظریات بوردیو از میدان در نظریه تمایز و تعریف گیدنز از سبک زندگی و ساخت اجتماعی به سبک زندگی، با روش پیمایش انجام شده است. 396 شهروند 65 سال به بالا از طریق فرمول کوکران به‌عنوان نمونه آماری تعیین، به وسیله نمونه‌گیری مطبق و ابزار پرسشنامه محقق ساخته داده‌های آماری آن جمع‌آوری و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS تحلیل شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد کیفیت زندگی عینی، ذهنی و جمعی شهروندان به ترتیب در سطح 69/61، 3/52 و 2/41 درصد از حداکثر درصد میانگین بالقوه این ابعاد کیفیت زندگی بوده است. همچنین سبک زندگی شهروندان بیشتر مصرفی است تا تولیدی و از سوی دیگر اجتماعی است تا اقتصادی و فرهنگی. بر اساس نتایج، به ترتیب سبک زندگی اقتصادی با 485/0 تأثیر کل، سبک زندگی اجتماعی با 375/0 تأثیر کل، سبک زندگی فرهنگی با 280/0 تأثیر کل از یک‌سو و در دسته‌بندی دیگر سبک زندگی تولیدی با 558/0 تأثیر کل و سبک زندگی مصرفی با 450/0 تأثیر کل، بیشترین اثرگذاری را با کیفیت زندگی داشته است. در صورتی که کیفیت زندگی به‌عنوان یک کل هدف‌گذاری شده باشد؛ به ترتیب نیاز به ترکیبی از کنش‌ها و سبک‌های زندگی اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی است که الف) سرمایه‌های سه‌گانه اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی و ب) برداشت، ارزیابی و تصورات ذهنی مقایسه‌ای از سرمایه‌های سه‌گانه که می‌توان بر آن سرمایه ذهنی نام نهاد؛ و در مجموع به ترتیب سرمایه‌های چهارگانه اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی و ذهنی را تشکیل می‌دهند. این کیفیت زندگی را به‌عنوان کیفیت زندگی کنش محور یا تعاملی می‌توان نام نهاد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Sociological Study of the Role of Lifestyle in the Quality of Life of Citizens 65 Years and Older in Bandar Mahshahr

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Ganji 1
  • Reza Ali Mohseni 2
  • Mansour Sharifi 3
  • Ali Reza Kaldi 4
  • Hassan Malek 5
1 PhD student, Department of Sociology, Tehran Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Demography, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch, Semnan, Iran
4 Professor of Sociology Department, Tehran Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University
5 Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Social Studies, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Today, one of the concerns is a Quality Lifestyle. This article examines the Sociological role of Lifestyle in the Quality of Life of Citizens over 65 years of age in Bandar Mahshahr. The paper is based on the Scandinavian-American approaches and the social quality approach to quality of life and the combined view of Bourdieu's theories from the field in the theory of differentiation, and Giddens's definition of lifestyle and social construction to lifestyle, by survey method. The present article has been done by Survey Method among the Statistical Population of Citizens 65 years and older in Bandar Mahshahr city. 396 citizens aged 65 and over have been identified as a Statistical Sample using the Cochran's formula, Statistical Data were collected through Stratified Sampling and Researcher-made Questionnaire tools and finally analyzed using SPSS Statistical Software and Descriptive and Inferential Statistical tests. The results show that the Objective, Subjective and Social Quality of Life of Citizens respectively, was at the level of 61.69, 52.3 and 41.2% of the maximum potential percentage of these dimensions of Quality of Life. Research results show; the Lifestyle of Citizens is more Consumption than Productive and on the other hand is Social rather than Economic and Cultural. According to the results, Economic Lifestyle with 0.485 Total Impact, Social Lifestyle with 0.375 Total Impact, Cultural Lifestyle with 0.280 Total Impact on the one hand and Productive Lifestyle with 0.558 Total Impact and Consumption Lifestyle with 0.450 Total Impact, respectively, had the greatest impact on Quality of Life. If the Quality of Life as a whole is targeted; Respectively, there is a need for a Combination of Economic, Social and Cultural Actions and Lifestyles, which a) Triple Economic, Social and Cultural Capitals and b: comparative perception, evaluation and Subjective Perceptions of the Triple Capitals that can be Called that Subjective Capital; Which together form the four Economic, Social, Cultural and Subjective Capitals, respectively; Produce. This Quality of Life can be called Action-Oriented or Interactive Quality of Life.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lifestyle
  • Social Capital
  • Subjective Capital
  • Cultural Capital
  • Quality of Life

مراجع

Abbott, P. & Wallace, C. (2012). “Social Quality: A Way to Measure the Quality of Society”, Social Indicators Research, V 108, I 1, 153- 167.
Afsharkohan, J., Rezaei Kermajani, M. (2017). “A Study of the Role of Social Identity in Determining the Lifestyle of Youth (Hamadan)”, Journal of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, V 14, N1: 157 -188 (Persian).
Agah Haris, M., Alipour, A., Jan Bozorgi, M., Mousavi, E., Nouhi, Sh. (2012). “Comparison of the effect of lifestyle therapy group and cognitive therapy group on weight management and improving the quality of life of overweight women”, Health Psychology Quarterly, 1, 1-15 (Persian).
Alikhah, Fardin and Rostami, Elnaz (2011) “Media consumption and lifestyle (a study among the citizens of Tonekabon)”, Journal of Social Sciences, V 7, N 28, 1-19. (Persian).
Atashin Sadaf, A. & Kheiri, M. (2017). “Theoretical Foundations of Lifestyle in Pierre Bourdieu's Thought with a Critical Approach”, Bi-Quarterly Journal of Lifestyle Research, Vol. 3, No. 5, 44-49. (Persian).
Ballesteros, R. Fernandez (1998). “Quality of life- concept and assessment”, Advances in psychological science, Vol. 1, 387–706.
Ballesteros, R. Fernandez (2011). “Quality of life in Old Age-Problematic Issues”, Applied Research Quality of life, 6, 21- 40.
Bayangani, B. & Irandoost, S. F. & Ahmadi, S. (2013). “Qualitative Study of Typology of Lifestyles: Study of Youth in Mahabad City of Iranian Kurdistan”, International Journal of Business and Social Science, Vol. 4, No. 14; 198-217. (Persian).
Bernard, M. & Bartlam, B., Biggs, S., Sim, J. (2004). “New lifestyles in old age- Health, identity and well-being in Berryhill Retirement Village”, The Policy Press, University of Bristol, Great Britain.
Bosman, C. (2012). “Gerotopia: Risky Housing for an Ageing Population, Housing”, Theory and Society, Vol. 29, No. 2, 157–171.
Clarke, M. (2003). “Is economic growth desirable? A welfare economic analysis of the Thai experience” Ph.D thesis thesis, Melbourne: Victoria University, www.vu.edu.au. (2019).
Diener, E. D. and Suh, E. (1997). “Measuring Quality Of Life: Economic, Social, and Subjective Indicators”, Social Indicators Research, Kluwer Academic, Netherlands, 40: 189–216.
Draper, P. (1997). “Nursing perspectives on quality of life”, London: Rouledge Company.
Eivazi, Gh. H. (2009). “Television Lifestyle and Consumption”, Cultural-Defense Quarterly of Women and Family, Vol. 5, No. 16, 143-167. (Persian).
Fayers, P. M., Machi, D. (2000). “Quality of life: Assessment, Analysis and Intervention”, USA: Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Ferreira, L. K., Meireles, J., Fernandes, F., Ferreira, Maria Elisa C. (2018) “Evaluation of lifestyle and Quality of life in the elderly: a literature review”, Rev. Bras. Geriatr, Gerontol, Rio de Janeiro, 21(5): 616-627
Firoozabadi, S. A., Mirzaei, H. and Jazebi, Kh. (2015). “Investigating the relationship between the concepts of lifestyle and religious identity in urban and rural areas (Case study: 18-30 year olds in Boocan and three villages (Salamat, Kooreh Kani and Goloolan Lower)”, Social Development Quarterly (Former Human Development), Vol. 10, No. 2, 7-36. (Persian).
Ganji, M., Hossein Bar, M. O., Karimian, M. (2015). “A Study of the Relationship between Cultural Capital and Lifestyle among Men in Zahedan”, Quarterly Journal of Lifestyle Sociology, N 2, 129-176. (Persian).
Genov, N. (2004). "Social Indicators and Quality Of Life Research: Background, Achievements and Current Trends”, Advances in Sociological Knowledge, Over half a Centur, VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Springer, 151- 181.
Ghaffari, Gh., Omidi, R. (2009). “Quality of Life, Social Development Index”, Tehran: Shirazeh. (Persian).
Hassani, M. H., Zokaei, M. S., Talebi, A., Entezari, A. (2017). “Conceptualizing Cultural Lifestyle”, Cultural Sociology, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Vol. 8, No. 1, 23-45. (Persian).
Hatami, M. & Bagheri, B. (2015). “The impact of cultural center on filling the Leisure time”, Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Science, Science Journal (CSJ), Vol. 36, No: 3 Special Issue, 3024-3029. (Persian).
Haux, R. & et. al. (2014). “Information and communication technologies for promoting and sustaining quality of life, health and self-sufficiency in ageing societies – outcomes of the Lower Saxony Research Network Design of Environments for Ageing (GAL)” Inform Health Soc Care, 39(3–4): 166–187.
Inoguchi, T., & Fujii, S. (2013). “The quality of life in Asia. A comparison of quality of life in Asia”, Netherlands: Springer.
Jabaran, M. R. (2015). “Conceptual Analysis of Lifestyle”, Ghabsat Magazine, 20, 173-187. (Persian).
Janbani, P., Momeni, Kh., Karami, J. (2014) “The Relationship between Social Security and Lifestyle with Quality of Life and Happiness of Kermanshah Women”, Journal of Clinical Research in Paramedical Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 4, 247-256. (Persian).
Jui-Ying, H., Kuo-Song, L. (2014). “Research on the Healthy Lifestyle Model, Active Ageing, and Loneliness of Senior Learners”, Educational Gerontology, 40: 353–362, 353-362.
Kende, M. (2001). “Superiority of traditional village diet and lifestyle in minimizing cardiovascular disease risk in Papua New Guineans”, PNG Med J, Sep-Dec; 44(3-4):135-150.
Khajeh Nouri, B., Parnian, L., Hemmat, S. (2014). “Study of Lifestyle and Social Identity (Case Study: Youth of Bandar Abbas)”, Iranian Cultural Research Quarterly, Vol. 7, No. 1, 94-94. (Persian).
Khajeh Nouri, B., Soroush, M. (2014). “Media Use, Lifestyle and Quality of Life of Shiraz Youth”, Journal of Social Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Vol. 11, 25-44. (Persian).
Khani, H. (2015). “Sociological Analysis of the Concept of Lifestyle in Western and Islamic Civilizations”, Quarterly Journal of Politics, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Vol. 45, No. 1,145-160. (Persian).
Koohi Nasrabadi, M., Vahedian, M., Ghayuri Sales, S. (2015). “Factors Affecting Women's Self-Decoration in Modern Lifestyle (Case Study: Kashan)”, Quarterly Journal of Lifestyle Sociology, Vol. 1, No. 1, 137-157. (Persian).
Leftwich, A. (2006). “Developmentalist Governments-On the Importance of Politics in Development”, Javad Afshar Kohan, Tehran: Neynegar and Marandiz. (Persian).
Meier, G., Stiglitz, J. (2003). “Pioneers of Future Development Economics in Perspective”, Translate :Gholamreza Azad Armaki, Tehran: Ney Publishing. (Persian).
Moons, Ph. & et. al. (2005). “Critique on the conceptualization of quality of life: A review and evaluation of different conceptual approaches”, International Journal of mursing studies, 43(7), 891-901.
Morris, Ch. W. (2010). Amartya Sen, New York: Cambridge University Press.
Mousavi, Y. (2008). “The concept of "social construction" in the field of modern sociological study”, Social Science Month Book, N 11, 88-91. (Persian).
Naraghi, Y. (2000) “Development and underdeveloped countries: An analytical study from theoretical aspects, historical underdevelopment”, Tehran: Enteshar Co. (Persian).
Nasrollahi Ghaleh Abdolshahi, H., Rezadoost, K. and Nabavi, S. A. (2016). “Investigating the relationship between structural and class situations and health-oriented lifestyle Case Study: Students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz”, Quarterly Journal of Lifestyle Sociology, 2, I 6, 171-200. (Persian).
Navah, A., Fazeli, A., Rajaei, M. S. (2016). “Lifestyle and cultural consumption: with emphasis on free study in Ahvaz”, Social Development Quarterly (Former Human Development), Vol. 10, No. 3, S.I 39, 7- 28. (Persian).
Niazi, M., Ghabaei Arani, M., Asgari Kaviri, A. (2016). “A Study of Social and Cultural Factors Affecting the Quality of Life (with Emphasis on Life Style and Citizenship Culture) Case Study: Citizens of Aran, Bidgol and Kashan”, Lifestyle Quarterly, Y 2, I 6, 201-232. (Persian).
Pir Babaei, M. T., Soltanzadeh, M. (2015). “An Introduction to the Formulation of Contemporary Iranian Architecture Square Based on Bourdieu Square Theory”, Journal of Fine Arts - Architecture and Urban Planning, Vol. 20, No. 1, 84-73. (Persian).
Puertas, R. & Marti, L. & Guaita-Martinez, J. M. (2020). “Innovation, lifestyle, policy and socioeconomic factors: An analysis of European Quality of life”, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, Vol. l. 160(C).
Rafat Jah, M. (2008). “The effect of job position on the lifestyle of working women; A Study of Women Working in the Ministry of Commerce”, Quarterly Journal of Cultural Studies and Communication, No. 11, 137-159. (Persian).
Rezaei, A., Mohammadzadeh, H., Mohammadzadeh, F. Rezaei, H. (2015). “Lifestyle and body management (a study of young people aged 15-29 in Marand)”, Quarterly Journal of Lifestyle Sociology, VOL. 1, No. 2, 1-50. (Persian).
Rezaei, M. (2004). “Pierre Bourdieu Cultural Production Field”, Social Science Month Book, No. 78, 51-55. (Persian).
Rostami, E., Ardeshirzadeh, M. (2013). “A Look at Lifestyle Theories”, Quarterly Journal of Lifestyle Studies, Vol. 2, No. 3, 9-31. (Persian).
Tonon, G. (2015). “The Qualitative Researcher in the Quality of Life Field” Qualitative Studies in Quality of Life: Methodology and Practice, Social Indicators Research Series 55, Springer, 1- 240.
Walker, A., Van Der Maesen, L. J. G. (2003). “Social Quality and Quality Of Life”, ESPA-NET Conference, Copenhagen, 13-15.
Wallace, Claire and Abbott, Pamela (2009) “Social Quality in Europe”, University of Aberdeen.
Yvonne, D., et. al. (2010). “A model of successful ageing in British populations”, Oxford University Press, European Journal of Public Health, Vol. 22, No. 1, 71–76.
Zahedi Asl, M. (1994). Proceedings of the Seminar on Sociology and Development (December 1991), 2, Tehran: Samt (Persian).
Zeng, W., Xiang, L., Zhang, W. (2020). “Evaluation of Life Quality and its Spatial Mismatch with Local Economic Development in Large Chinese Cities”, Applied Research in Quality of Life, 15: 239-258.
توسعه اجتماعی
دوره 18، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 70
دوره 18، شماره 2، زمستان 1402
اسفند 1402
صفحه 183-224

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار