مطالعه جامعه‌شناختی چالش مدیریت آب‌های سطحی و تأثیر آن بر زندگی روزمره شهروندان اهوازی (مطالعه موردی: حادثه سیلاب شهری و بالازدگی فاضلاب در شهرهای اهواز و کارون سال 1398 تا 1400)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه جامعه‌شناسی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ر‌یزی شهری دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

10.22055/qjsd.2023.41990.2734

چکیده

استان خوزستان به‌طور مداوم در معرض بلایا و حوادث طبیعی همچون سیلاب و آبگرفتگی بوده است با وجود اینکه خشکسالی و ریزگردها را نیز در این سال‌ها کم به خود ندیده است. پس از سیلاب گسترده فروردین 98 در استان خوزستان، آخرین مورد از حوادث پیش آمده مرتبط، آب‌گرفتگی‌ و وقوع سیلاب‌های درون‌شهری در دی ماه 1399 در شهرهای ماهشهر، اهواز، سربندر، شهر جراحی و برخی دیگر از شهرهای خوزستان بود که همچون موارد پیشین خساراتی را به برخی شهروندان و زیرساخت‌ها تحمیل کرد. در دهه اخیر تکرار تجربه سیلاب و روان‌آب برای مردم و مسئولین استان در برخی مناطق شهری تلخ و آزاردهنده شده است. زیرآب رفتن وسایل درون خانه‌ها و دشواری رفت و آمد مردم به هنگام شکل‌گیری چاله‌های پرآب و دریاچه‌های کوچک و بزرگ در معابر و کوچه‌ها، و قطع آب و برق بخشی از این تجربه تکراری شده است. فراتر از یک پدیده اقلیمی، این رویداد با خود تبعات اجتماعی گسترده به همراه آورد. بر این اساس در این مقاله به شناسایی و تحلیل ابعاد و پیامدهای اجتماعی این حادثه پرداخته شده است. در این راستا با بررسی ادبیات تحلیل حوادث، چارچوب ارزیابی حوادث لیندل به‌عنوان چارچوب مفهومی پایه انتخاب شد. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داد زمینه‌های اجتماعی استان خوزستان شامل شعاری بودن برنامه‌های مدیریت شهری از منظر شهروندان، شکنندگی اقلیمی استان و حساسیت عمومی به عملکرد دولت در حوزه مدیریت منابع آب در استان است. که مهم‌ترین پیامدهای آن عبارتند از: شکل‌گیری فضای هیجانی پیرامون مسائل حوزه آب استان، نارضایتی از عمکرد مدیریت منابع آب استان، خسارت به زیرساخت‌ها و منازل، محتاج باران، نگران سیلاب.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Sociological Study of the Challenge of Surface Water Management and Its Impact on the Daily Life of the Citizens of Ahvaz (Case Study: Urban Flood and Overflow of Sewage in the Cities of Ahvaz and Karun from 2018 to 2014)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sajad Bahmani 1
  • Mostafa Mohammadi Dehcheshemeh 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In February 2016 in Khuzestan province, dust in combination with air humidity affecting the province's electricity grid and widespread blackouts. As a consequence of the power outage, other infrastructure in the province also suffered, causing widespread public reactions. Thus, a technological disaster that affected the region's environmental conditions brought with it widespread social consequences. Accordingly, this article identifies and analyzes the social dimensions and consequences of the disaster and understanding the causes of the reactions. In this regard, by analyzing the literature on disaster analysis, Lindell's disaster assessment framework was chosen as the basic conceptual framework. Based on this framework and performing qualitative and quantitative analysis, the data obtained from interviews with different authorities and groups of people were analyzed and based on the results, a survey was conducted throughout Ahvaz. The findings of the study showed that there is a wide perceptual gap between the authorities and different groups of people in Khuzestan regarding different concepts related to the disaster and this causes widespread social consequences such as increased concern about recurrence of the disaster, increased tendency to migrate from the province, dissatisfaction with performance about disaster management, Increasing the awareness of the people about the problems of the province, …. Based on the obtained analysis, Solutions have been proposed to effect community resilience policies against possible future events.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Climatic Disaters
  • Perceptual Gap
  • Social Assessment and Analysis
  • Power Outage
  • Khuzestan
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