تبیین جامعه‌شناختی تأثیر عوامل فرهنگی بر بازتولید هویت ملی نوجوانان (مطالعه دانش‌آموزان متوسطه اول شهرستان بهبهان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیارگروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

2 دانشیارگروه علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

عوامل مختلف فرهنگی بر هویت ملی نوجوانان مؤثرند. نوجوانان در این دوره سنی پایه و اساس تعهد تعمیم ‌یافته و احساس تعلق عاطفی به جامعه خود را کسب کرده و هویت در آنان شروع به شکل‌یابی می‌نماید. هویت ملی را شاید بتوان از مهم‌ترین ابعاد هویت مردم یک جامعه دانست. در این پژوهش به بررسی جامعه‌شناختی تأثیر عوامل فرهنگی بر بازتولید هویت ملی در نوجوانان شهرستان بهبهان پرداخته شده است. روش این تحقیق از نوع کمی و پیمایشی است. داده‌های تحقیق از روی جامعه نمونه‌ای شامل 364 نفر از نوجوانان 16-13 ساله شهرستان بهبهان و با تکنیک پرسشنامه گردآوری شده است. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داده بین بازتولید هویت ملی و عوامل فرهنگی رابطه بالایی وجود دارد و نیز این رابطه در پسران بیشتر از دختران بوده است. همچنین رابطه عوامل فرهنگی بر روی نوجوانان ساکن در شهر و روستا نشان می‌دهدکه نوجوانان ساکن در شهر بیشتر از نوجوانان ساکن در مناطق روستایی تحت تأثیر این عوامل در بازتولید هویت ملی قرار دارند. از این‌رو عوامل فرهنگی در زمینه بازتولید هویت ملی تأثیری قوی دارند و با تقویت عوامل فرهنگی مخصوصاً در مناطق کمتر توسعه‌یافته می‌توان به بهبود وضعیت هویت ملی و مخصوصاً بازتولید آن دست یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Cultural Factors and the Reproduction of National Identity in Adolescents (A Case Study of Behbahan High School Students)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamdallah Akvani 1
  • Jaseb Nikfar 2
  • forood ghaydgivi 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Facaulty of Humanities,Yasouj University, yasouj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Facaulty of Humanities,Yasouj University, yasouj, Iran
3 MA Student in Political Science, Department of Political Science, Facaulty of Humanities,Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Diverse cultural factors affect the national identity of adolescents. Recognizing these factors and planning for the optimal use of these factors provide the basis for preventing identity crisis in adolescents. Adolescents, at this age acquire the basis of generalized commitment and a sense of emotional belonging to their community, and in this time, identity begins to take shape in them. Consider national identity as one of the most important dimensions of the identity of the people of a society. In this study, we have sociologically investigated the effect of cultural factors on the reproduction of national identity in adolescents in Behbahan city. This research has been quantitatively done and there was a survey, conducted with 364 adolescents aged 13-16 years in Behbahan city using a questionnaire technique. Reproduction of national identity among adolescents studied based on multivariate regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient shows that there is a high positive and negative relationship between reproduction of national identity and cultural factors. Also, this relationship was felt more in boys than girls. The relationship between cultural factors and adolescents living in urban and rural areas also shows that adolescents living in urban areas more affected by these factors in the reproduction of national identity than adolescents living in rural areas are. Cultural factors have a strong relationship in the field of reproduction of national identity and it is viable to improve the status of national identity and especially its reproduction by strengthening cultural factors, especially in deprived and less developed areas.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultural Factors
  • Reproduction
  • National Identity
  • Behbahan City
Ahmadi, S. (2007). “Investigation of national identity and its relationship with some social and demographic variables: a case study of Yasouj city”, Isfahan University Research Journal, 25(4): 112-87. (Persian).
Akwani, H. (2008). “Tendency towards national identity and ethnic identity in the Arabs of Khuzestan”, Culture of Thought, 7th year, summer and autumn, 2008, No. 26 and 27. (Persian).
Amir Kafi, M. and Hajiani, E. (2013). “The ratio of ethnic and national identity: in Iran's multi-ethnic society: review and comparison of three theoretical approaches”, Strategy Quarterly, p. 22, no. 66. (Persian).
Amreh, M. (2020). “The concept of national identity from the concept of political geography of virtual space”, National Studies Quarterly, 82, 21st year, Summer, No. 2: 157-174. (Persian).
Babaei, A.; Bakhshian, F.; Carimian, A.; Saadat Mehr, S. R. (2019). “Factors related to the identification of secondary school students in Mazandaran province”, Journal of the Faculty of Health and Health Research Institute, 17(3), pp: 316-307. (Persian).
Bolby, N. (2001). “Encountering an American Self: Study Abroad and National Identity”, Northern Illinoi University.
Ghorbanzadeh Savar, Gh., Rahmati, M. (2016). “Media and national identity, the effect of media on national identity indicators”, Media and Culture, Research Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, sixth year, first issue, spring and summer 2015, 113-135. (Persian).
Giddens, A. (1998), modernity and individuality; Society and personal identity in the new era, translated by Nasser Moafaqian, Tehran: Ni. (Persian).
Gong, N. (2007). Citrin and Sears (2009); Sidanius and Petrocik, 2001; Phinney. and Devich–Navarro,1997).
Hajiani, E. (2000). “Sociological analysis of national identity in Iran and several hypotheses”, National Studies Quarterly, 2nd year, 5th issue. (Persian).
Hogg, M.A, Smith, J.R. (2007). “Attitudes in social context: A social identity perspective”, European Review of Social Psychology 18(1): 89–131.
Iman, M. T. and Kizghan, T. (2013). “Investigation of factors influencing women's social identity: a case study of women in Shiraz”, Scientific-Research Quarterly of Al-Zahra University Humanities, 12(14), pp. 107-79. (Persian).
Jahangiri, J. and Moini, M. (2010). “Investigating the relationship between social capital and national identity: a case study of Shiraz University students”, Journal of Social Sciences 7(2): 37-74. (Persian).
Jenkins, R. (2002). Social Identity, translated by Toraj Yarahamdi, Tehran, Shirazeh Publishing. (Persian).
Kozer, L. (2004). The Life and Thought of Great Sociologists, Tehran: Scientific Publications. (Persian).
Mader, M., Scotto, Th. J, Reifler, J. (2018). How political are national identities? A comparison of the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany in the 2010s. .https://doi.org/ 10.1177/ 2053168018801469.
Mason, L. (2018). Uncivil Agreement: How Politics Became Our Identity. Chicago: University of Chicago.
Ministry of Education of the Islamic Republic of Iran, (2014). Fundamental Transformation of Education, Ministry of Education. (Persian).
Mirzapour, S., Zamani Moghadam, A. and Jafari, P. (2021). “Investigating the function of education in institutionalizing students' national identity in political, geographical and religious dimensions”, National Studies Quarterly, 86, 20th year And the second, No. 2: 27-47. (Persian).
Moulai, J.; Ghasemi, Y. M. (2017). “The ratio of globalization and social identity (case study: youth of Abdanan city)”, strategic studies of sport and youth of Bahar, No. 35:51-70. (Persian).
Paraki, A., Nastizadeh, N. (2021). “Study of national and modern identity of Saravan city students”, National Studies Quarterly; 87, 22nd year, number 3, fall, pp. 91-107. (Persian).
Reofi, M.; Tajuddin, M. B.; Mashhadi Miqani, Zh. (2018). Comparison of national identity of teenagers in Ilam and Kermanshah cities, National Studies Quarterly, 19th year, No. 1 (series 73, spring 2017). (Persian).
Ritzer, G. (2016). Sociological theory in the contemporary era, translated by Mohsen Talasi, Tehran: Elmi, 8th edition. (Persian).
Roshandel Arbatani, T.; Moulai, S. M. (2018). Presenting the model of strengthening the national identity of teenagers using the capacities of internal social networks, Culture and Communication Studies Quarterly, 42 (Summer 2018). (Persian).
Skidmore, W. (1996). Theories of sociology; Theoretical thinking in sociology, Tehran: Taban. (Persian).
Smith, A. and Hutchinson, J. (2007). Nationalism, Younisi, Mostafa and Murshidizad, Ali; Tehran: Strategic Studies Research Institute. (Persian).
Smith, A., D. (1984). Nationalism - Theory, Ideology, History, translated by Mansour Ansari, Vol. 1, Tehran: Iranian Civilization. (Persian).
Tanhaei, A. (1994). An introduction to schools and theories of sociology, second edition, Tehran: Marandiz. (Persian).