فراتحلیل چهار دهه پژوهش در باب علل و انگیزه‌های استعمال دخانیات در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد برنامه ریزی رفاه اجتماعی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد دپارتمان بیماری‌های ریوی، گروه داخلی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 مدیر واحد زنان جمعیت مبارزه با استعمال دخانیات ایران. تهران، ایران

4 استادیار گروه جامعه‌شناسی دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

10.22055/qjsd.2022.32833.2186

چکیده

علی‌رغم اثرات ناگوار دخانیات بر سلامت انسان و محیط زیست، مصرف دخانیات در کشور ما همچنان رو به گسترش است. پژوهش‌های مختلفی به بررسی کم و کیف مسئله‌ی دخانیات پرداخته‌اند که نیازمند است اطلاعات این پژوهش‌ها منسجم شود. پژوهش حاضر با هدف "شناسایی علل و انگیزه‌های استعمال دخانیات در افراد" به روش فراتحلیل کیفی، یافته‌های 92 پژوهش انجام شده در ایران را مورد واکاوی قرار داد. گردآوری داده‌ها از طریق مراجعه به پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتیSID، Magiran، ایرانداک، مرکز تحقیقات دخانیات ایران و IranMedex با کلیدواژه‌های دخانیات، سیگار، قلیان در یک بازه زمانی(1397-1357) صورت گرفت. پژوهش‌های نامرتبط و تکراری حذف و 92 پژوهش متناسب با هدف و معیارهای تحقیق مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داد متغیرهای زمینه‌ای، وجود اطرافیان سیگاری، دسترسی آسان به دخانیات، گذران فراغت، الگویابی، تغییرات اجتماعی، فشارزاهای محیطی، باور، نگرش و آگاهی افراد، ضعف پای‌بست‌های اجتماعی و مذهبی از جمله عوامل گرایش افراد به دخانیات در ایران بوده است. بر این اساس لازم است مدیریت اوقات فراغت و جایگزین‌های دخانیات و بحث شادکامی مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Meta-Analysis of Four Decades of Research on the Causes and Motivations of Tobacco Use in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh sadat Hosseini 1
  • Mohamad Reza Masjedi 2
  • zahra sadr 3
  • Mojtaba Hemayat khah jahromi 4
1 Master of Social Welfare Planning, Faculty of Social Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of pulmonary medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Tobacco Control Research Center (TCRC), Iranian Anti-tobacco Association, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Despite the disadvantages and adverse effects of tobacco on human health and the environment, tobacco use in our country continues to grow. Various researches have investigated the issue of smoking, which needs to be consistent. The present study aimed to identify the causes and motivations of tobacco use in individuals through qualitative meta-analysis. Data were collected by referring to databases of SID, Magiran, Irandoc, Tobacco Research Center of Iran and IranMedex with the keywords of tobacco, cigarette and hookah in a period of time (1978-2018). The findings indicated that contextual variables, smoking relatives, easy access to tobacco, leisure activities, Patterns, social change, environmental stressors, beliefs, attitudes and awareness, weakness of social and religious affiliation were among the factors that tend to be tobacco in Iran. Accordingly, it is necessary to pay serious attention to consider leisure and tobacco management and happiness.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Tobacco
  • Cigarette
  • Hookah
  • Qualitative meta-analysis
  • Iran
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