اقدام‌پژوهی برای ایجاد نوآوری اجتماعی در اشتغال افراد توانیاب: با استفاده از تفکر سیستمی (مورد مطالعه: مرکز نوآوری اجتماعی سلام)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهشکده علم و فناوری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت سیستم‌ها، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 ستادیار پژوهشکده علم و فناوری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

10.22055/qjsd.2021.16826

چکیده

در جامعه‌ای که همه افراد بتوانند از ظرفیت خود استفاده کنند و از فرصت‌های برابر برخوردار شوند، نشاط و روحیه جمعی به وجود می‌آید و این بازخورد به جامعه بازگشته و مشارکت اجتماعی و انسجام را تقویت میرکند که خود می‌تواند باعث توسعه کشور شود. اما ناتوانی افراد توانیاب در برخی از جوامع باعث محدود شدن آنها می‌شود و گاهی نمی‌توانند شغل مناسبی پیدا کنند. همچنین طبق آمار و شواهد، نرخ بیکاری افراد معلول رو به افزایش است و بیکاری مشکلات زیادی را برای آنها ایجاد می‌کند. بسیاری از سازمان‌ها برای حل مشکل اشتغال این افراد اقداماتی انجام داده‌اند و حتی برخی از این شرکت‌ها استارتاپ‌هایی بودند که توسط خود توانیاب‌ها ایجاد شده‌اند، اما مشکل کماکان باقی است. این تحقیق به دنبال بررسی مشکل اشتغال افراد توانیاب و ارائه راهکارهای مختلف برای رفع این معضل اجتماعی است. بدین منظور این موضوع در مرکز نوآوری اجتماعی سلام مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و پس از بررسی موضوع، با استفاده از گلوله‌برفی، نمونه‌گیری انجام و از روش اقدام‌پژوهی برای حل مسئله استفاده گردید. سپس از تفکر سیستمی (مدل چهار مرحله‌ای دیوید پیتر استرو) بهره گرفته شد و راهکارها در دو بخش ارائه شدند: راهکار فوری و راه‌حل‌های بنیادی. در بخش راهکار فوری، برخی اقدامات مانند الزام دولت برای استخدام توان‌یاب‌ها یا پرداخت حقوق بازنشستگی به آنها می‌تواند به صورت مقطعی مشکل را حل کند اما نکته اصلی برای حل این مشکل توجه به توانایی‌های ویژه این افراد و نه معلولیت آنها است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Action Research for Creating Social Innovation in the Employment of People with Disabilities: Useing Systems Thinking (Case Study: Salam Social Innovation Center)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Asghar Sad Abadi 1
  • Neda Aramipour 2
  • Kiarash Fartash 3
1 Assistant Professor, Institute of Science and Technology, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student of Systems Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant professor, Institute of Science and Technology, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In a society where all people can use their capacity and enjoy equal opportunities, there is collective joy and spirit, and this feedback comes back to the community and enhances social participation, capital, and solidarity. In addition, it can make the country grow and develop, but, as we know, disability in some societies limits people and they cannot even find a suitable job. On the other hand, according to statistics and evidence, the unemployment rate of people with disabilities is on the rise and unemployment causes many problems for them. Numerous organizations and companies have taken steps to solve the employment problem of these people, and even some of these companies were start-ups created by some of the disabled, but this problem still remains unresolved. In this research, we seek to investigate the problem and provide some solutions. After reviewing the issue, we conducted this study at Salam Social Innovation Center. At first, the model was implemented through using the four-stage model of David Peter Stroh. Interviews were conducted with related people and stakeholders and then data were analyzed by using action research methodology. Suggestions were also provided in two parts: quick fixes and fundamental solutions. In the quick-fix solution section, some actions can solve the problem cross-sectionally (such as the government's requirement to hire the disabled or pay them pensions), but the key to solving this problem is to pay attention to these people's special abilities and not to their disabilities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Disabled People
  • The Handicapped
  • Social Innovation
  • Systems Thinking
  • Employment
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