بررسی رابطه‌ بین سبک زندگی و رفتار زیست‌محیطی شهروندان شهر شیراز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جامعه‌شناسی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشیار بخش جامعه‌شناسی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

هدف این مطالعه بررسی رابطه‌ی بین سبک ‌زندگی و رفتار زیست‌محیطی شهروندان شهر شیراز است. در این پژوهش از نظریات پیر بوردیو به‌عنوان چارچوب نظری برای تبیین انواع سبک‌های زندگی استفاده شده ‌است و همچنین رفتار‌های زیست‌محیطی را به‌عنوان مجموعه رفتار‌هایی در ارتباط با محیط طبیعی که تحت تأثیر جایگاه افراد در فضای اجتماعی انتخاب می‌شوند، در نظر گرفته‌ایم. روش پژوهش پیمایش و جمعیت آماری تحقیق شامل کلیه‌ی افراد بالای 15 سال در 11 منطقه‌ی شهر شیراز است که بر اساس فرمول کوکران حجم کل نمونه 384 نفر محاسبه گردیده ‌است. نمونه‌های آماری با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای، داده‌ها از طریق پرسشنامه جمع‌آوری شده ‌است. از طریق تکنیک تحلیل عاملی 10 عامل برای متغیر سبک زندگی به دست آمد. سبک‌های زندگی که بیشترین تأثیر را بر رفتار زیست‌محیطی داشته‌اند سبک زندگی مذهبی، سبک زندگی سلامت‌محور، سبک زندگی ورزشی، سبک زندگی تفریحی ـ فراغتی و سبک زندگی مبادی آداب با رابطه‌ی مثبت و قوی و سبک زندگی فست‌فودی (مدرن) و سبک زندگی اینترنتی با رابطه‌ی منفی و قوی بوده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship between Lifestyle and Environmental Behavior of Citizens of Shiraz City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farnaz Dastras 1
  • Bijan Khajenoori 2
1 Master of Sociology at University of Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
2 Associate Professor of Social Science at University of Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study is the relationship between lifestyle and environmental behavior of citizens of Shiraz. The "lifestyle theory" of Bourdieu have used in this study related to types of lifestyle using the cocepts such as habitus, sphere and different types of capital; and also environmental behavior have selected as a set of behavior in relation to environment that have affected by individual`s position in social space. The environmental behavior of Kollmuss and Agyeman have used to operate the dimensions of environmental behavior. The survey method is used for this study and statistical population of this study included the people who are over 15 years old in 11 zones of Shiraz According to Cochran formula, the Sample size included 384 people. Statistical samples have obtained through random cluster sampling and the data of this survey have collected through the questionnaire; Ten factors were considered in related to lifestyles through factor analysis; These factors include: management body, cultural lifestyle, sporty lifestyle, leisure lifestyle, religious lifestyle, consciousness and tolerance lifestyle, politely lifestyle, internet lifestyle, high-risk diet, domestic lifestyle and healthy lifestyle. The study shows that, the main effective factors on environmental behavior are: religious lifestyle, healthy lifestyle, sporty lifestyle, leisure lifestyle and politely lifestyle. These lifestyles have a positive and powerful relationship with environmental behavior (the dependent variable) and these independent lifestyle variables, high-risk diet and internet lifestyle; have a negative and powerful relationship with environmental behavior.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • lifestyle
  • environmental behavior
  • cultural consumptin
  • leisure activity
  • management body
Aghili, M., Khoshfar, Gh. & Salehi, S. (2009). “Social Capital and Responsible Environmental Behaviors in Northern Iran (Case Study: Guilam, Mazandaran and Golestan Provinces)”, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 16(1), 23-250. (Persian).
Azadarmaki, T. & Shalchi, V. (2005). “Two Iranian Worlds: Mosque and Coffee Shop”, Cultural Studies and Communication, 1(4), 163-184. (Persian).
Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: a social critique of the judgment of taste, Translated by Nice, R., Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1986). “The forms of capital, in: Richardson, J. N. (ed), Handbook of theory and research for sociology of education”, Green wood press: 241-258.
Bourdieu, P. (1987). “What makes a social class?”, Berkely journal of sociology, 32: 1- 18.
Bourdiue, P. (2011). Distinction: A social Critique of the Judgement of Taste, Translation by Hasan Chavoshian, Tehran, Sales Publications. (Persian).
Brown, L. (2014). Save the environment, Translation by Hamid Taravati, Mashhad, Academic Jihad Publications. (Persian).
Christensen, V. T. and Carpiano, R. M. (2014). “Social class differences in BMI among Danish woman: applying cockerham`s health lifestyle approach and bourdieus theory of lifestyle”, Social science and medicine, 112: 12-21.
Cockerham W. C. (2005). “Health lifestyle theory and the convergence of agency and structure”, the journal of health and social behavior, 46(1): 51-67.
Fathi, Z., Kanaani, M. & Chavoshian, H. (2015). “Analysis of environmental behaviors of Rasht residents with emphasis on lifestyle”, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, 6(3), 87-104. (Persian).
Fazeli, M. (2003). Consumption and Lifestyle, Ghom: Sobh Sadegh Publication. (Persian)
Forotankia, Sh. & Navah, A. (2016). Environmental Sociology, Tehran, Sociologicals Publication. (Persian).
Fraj, E. and Martinez, E. (2006). “Environmental values and lifestyles as determining factors of ecological consumer behaviour: an empirical analysis”, Journal of Consumer Marketing, 23: 133-144.
Giddens, A. (2008). Politics, Sociology and Social Theory, Translation by Manoochehr Saboori, Tehran, Ney Publication. (Persian).
Giddens, A. (2010). Sociology, Translation by Hasan Chavoshian, Tehran, Ney Publication, (Persian).
Haanpää, L. (2007). “Consumers’ green commitment: indication of a postmodern lifestyle?”, International Journal of Consumer Studies, 31(5): 478-486.
Hajizade, M., Sayarkholj, H. & Shekoohifar, K. (2014). “A Survey of Cultural Factors Related to Environmental Behaviors (Case Study: Yazd City)”, Journal of Socio-Cultural Development Studies, 3(3), 109-141. (Persian).
Hemmati, Z. & Shobeiri, M. (2015). “An Analysis of the Components of Environmental Culture Promotion of Shiraz Citizens”, Iranian Journal of Cultural Research, 8(4), 197-215. (Persian).
Jabaran, M. (2011). “Conceptual analysis of lifestyle”, Ghabasat, 20(75). 174-187. (Persian).
Khoshfar, Gh., Salehi, S., Vesal, Z. & Abbaszade, M. (2015). “Investigation of Social Factors Affecting Rural Environmental Awareness”, Rural Research, 6(1),138-158. (Persian).
Kollmuss, A. and Agyeman, J. (2002). “Mind the Gap: Why do people act environmentally and what are the barriers to pro-environmental behavior?”, Environmental Education Research, 8(3): 239-260.
Krajhanzl, J. (2010). “Environment and proenvironmental behavior”, School and health, (21): 251-274.
Najafi, H. & Sh. H. (2016). “Critique of Bourdieu's concept of lifestyle”, Marefat, 25(12), 42-57. (Persian).
Navah, A., Forotankia, Sh. & Karooni, M. (2011). “Investigating the Relationship between Religion Level and Citizens' Environmental Values and Behaviors (Case Study: Ahvaz City)”, Urban Sociological Studies, 1(1), 78-97. (Persian).
Szerényi, Z. M. Zsóka. Á and Széchy, A. (2011). “Consumer behaviour and lifestyle patterns of Hungarian students in view of environmental awareness”, Society and Economy, 33(1): 89–110.